al biruni amérique

17 Jan al biruni amérique

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Selon certains scientifiques, Christophe Colomb ne serait pas le premier homme à avoir découvert le continent américain. Some of the mathematical works of this prince were written especially for al-Bīrūnī and are at times easily confused with al-Bīrūnī’s own works. Arti Nama Biruni – Apa arti nama Biruni dalam islam? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Accueil Actualités Abu Rehan Al-Biruni aurait découvert l'Amérique. For example, he raised questions about the formation of mountains and explained the existence there of fossils by positing that Earth was once underwater. Né dans une famille iranienne, Al Biruni a passé les vingt-cinq premières années de sa vie à Kath, en bordure sud de la mer d’Aral. Ces dernières, couplées à ses propres observations vont lui permettre de déduire que la Terre est ronde. C’est à ce moment qu’il découvre l’Inde et qu’il rédigera l’un des plus importants ouvrage sur l’Inde et de ses religions Description de l’Inde, qu’il achèvera en l’an 1030. Their quality was generally high, but a tendency toward facility can be observed in such buildings…, Abū Naṣr’s pupil al-Bīrūnī (973–1048), who produced a vast amount of high-quality work, was one of the masters in applying these theorems to astronomy and to such problems in mathematical geography as the determination of latitudes and longitudes, the distances between cities, and the direction from one city…. Publication date 1910-06-30 Usage Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Topics Religion, Philosophy, Literature, Geography, Chronology, Astronomy, Customs, Laws, Astrology, India Collection opensource Language English. En savoir plus sur comment les données de vos commentaires sont utilisées. Nevertheless, al-Bīrūnī’s original input is clearly noticeable in almost every chapter. See more ideas about mathematician, al biruni… For example, al-Bīrūnī developed new algebraic techniques for the solution of third-degree equations, drew a subtle distinction between the motion of the solar apogee and the motion of precession, and explored many other applied mathematical techniques to achieve much higher precision and ease of use of tabulated astronomical results. Omissions? He capped that particular discussion with a solution to the rather sophisticated spherical trigonometric problem of determining the direction of Mecca along the local horizon at Ghazna. Prévenez-moi de tous les nouveaux articles par e-mail. Abu Ar Rayhan Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Biruni, atau dikenal dengan nama al- Biruni ini terlahir menjelang terbitnya fajar tanggal 4 September 973 M di Kath, sebuah kota di sekitar wilayah aliran sungai Oxus, Khwarizm (Khiva, Uzbekistan). Listing al-Bīrūnī’s works is relatively easy, for he himself produced an index of his works up to when he was about 60 years old. An equally encyclopaedic scientific work is the inimitable Al-Qānūn al-Masʿūdi (“The Masʿūdic Canon”), dedicated to Masʿūd, the son of Maḥmūd of Ghazna, in which al-Bīrūnī gathered together all the astronomical knowledge from such sources as Ptolemy’s Almagest and “Handy Tables” after having had these two particular works updated. Nama Biruni adalah nama bagus dan indah untuk anak bayi laki-laki islam. Des maths (mais pas seulement) pour mes élèves (et les autres). Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū al-Reḥān (né le 4, ou le 15 septembre 973 à Kath, Khwarezm, Grand Iran — ville de l'actuel Ouzbékistan, mort le 13 décembre 1048, ou vers 1052 à Ghazni) est un érudit persan. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Sur la nouvelle carte du monde qu’il imagine, il place tous les endroits connus de son époque et s’aperçoit qu’il n’est pas possible que la Terre, avec la forme qu’il lui a attribuée, puisse garder son équilibre. Al-Bīrūnī, in full Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī, (born Sept. 4, 973 ce, Khwārezm, Khorāsān [now in Uzbekistan]—died c. 1052, Ghazna [now Ghaznī, Afg. The Ghaznavid and Seljuq periods produced first-rate scholars such as al-Bīrūnī (died 1048) who, writing in Arabic, investigated Hinduism and gave the first unprejudiced account of India—indeed, of any non-Islamic culture. Dec 17, 2014 - five hundred years before the Renaissance. Al-Bīrūnī, in full Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī, (born Sept. 4, 973 ce, Khwārezm, Khorāsān [now in Uzbekistan]—died c. 1052, Ghazna [now Ghaznī, Afg. At Qābūs’s court, al-Bīrūnī met the famous philosopher-scientist Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) and exchanged with him a philosophical correspondence that did not lack jealousies and slighting. For example, in the introduction to his book on gems, al-Bīrūnī gave an elaborate description of man’s place in nature and society and the social need for economic systems. He also wrote notable books on chronology and history. Muhammed Ibn Ahmed Abu Raiham Al Biruni, a fost un enciclopedist arab. He said this in the context of demonstrating his total disgust with flattery, even when it was being directed at him. Pourtant, il pourrait être considéré comme un découvreur de l’Amérique. He was born in Khwarazm, then part of the Samanid Empire (modern Khiva, Uzbekistan). Even then his comments were apparently restricted to the particular problem of latitude theory in Ptolemaic astronomy. In both cases he treated these matters with a scientific objectivity that matches the modern explanation. Votre adresse de messagerie ne sera pas publiée. Even though al-Bīrūnī was possibly the unwilling guest of a merciless warrior, he still made use of the occasion to pen the acute observations about India that would earn him fame as an ethnographer, anthropologist, and eloquent historian of Indian science. A.C. Sparavigna - The Science of al-Biruni – Dec 2013 3 Figure 1 - Al-Biruni’s method to measure the radius of the Earth, from Ref.13 As discussed in [12], al-Biruni considered the world, that is the universe, had come into existence in time, as Muslims believed, and then it was not eternal like Aristotle told. His relatively minor works are only minor in size, for they are at least as sophisticated as his major works. Al-Bīrūnī’s Maqālīd ʿilm al-hayʾah (“Keys to Astronomy”), Al-jamāhir fī maʿrifat al-jawāhir (“Gems”), Kitāb al-ṣaydanah (“Pharmacology”), and Ifrād al-maqāl fī amr al-ẓilāl (The Exhaustive Treatise on Shadows), to name only a few, dealt with specific subjects, but in each case the subject was given comprehensive treatment. Né vers 484, le moine Brendan, dit “le Navigateur”, se hasarde vers 544 dans l’Atlantique, en quête du jardin d’Eden. A universal genius that lived in the Central Asia a thousand of years ago, al-Biruni “was so far ahead of his time that his most brilliant discoveries seemed incomprehensible to most of the scholars of his days”, so wrote Bobojan Gafurov in his … Original et réfléchi, il étudia les mathématiques, physique, astronomie, sciences naturelles… tout en étant un homme de lettres érudit, habile chronologue, linguiste confirmé, astucieux géographe et historien. Al-Biruni's only direct contribution to cartography was a sketch map showing this distribution. Adding all the titles in the index, as well as those found later, brings his total production to 146 titles, each averaging about 90 folios. The Ghaznavid and Seljuq periods produced first-rate scholars such as al-Bīrūnī (died 1048) who, writing in Arabic, investigated Hinduism... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. ), Muslim astronomer, mathematician, ethnographist, anthropologist, historian, and geographer. En réalité il va accompagner le sultan dans ses expéditions militaires. « Ils s’engagent », série vidéo sur les actions citoyennes de lutte contre l’extrémisme, politique et religion, brève histoire du wahhabisme, Covid_19, s’engager contre les fausses informations, “Sens critique”: un atelier créatif d’encouragement à l’esprit critique, est-il le premier homme à avoir découvert l’Amérique. Voici ce que je reçois depuis hier. Al-Bīrūnī did not seem to have any interest in the subject of astronomical cosmology, a subject usually broached by authors of a genre of Islamic astronomical literature called hayʾah texts that were much in the tradition of Ptolemy’s Planetary Hypotheses but often critical of that tradition. Pour comprendre l’importance de son apport, il faut savoir que 500 ans avant Galilée, il commença a étudier l’hypothèse de la rotation de la Terre autour de son axe et de sa révolution autour du Soleil : ce que l’on appelle la théorie héliocentrique. Ce site utilise Akismet pour réduire les indésirables. Little is known of his early life. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Être une femme sur internet, c'est s'exposer à du harcèlement sexiste. Al-BIRUNI'S INDIA by Edward C. Sachau. The Life of Al-Biruni (973-1048 AD) Abu Rayhan Muhammed ibn Ahmad al-Biruni was born just before sunrise on 4 September 973. Al Mamun, the Abbassid caliph took special interest in mapping the world so to know what fraction of it was under his own control. He was a colleague of the fellow philosopher and physician Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), the historian, philosopher and ethicist Ibn Miskawayh, in a university and science center established by prince Abu al-Abbas Ma'mun Khawarazmshah. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Al-Biruni (Kath, Corasmia, 15 de setiembre del 973 - Gazni, 13 d'avientu de 1048) foi un matemáticu, astrónomu, físicu, filósofu, viaxeru, historiador y farmacéuticu persa.. Foi unu de los intelectuales más destacaos del mundu islámicu. 1973 … Votre adresse de messagerie ne sera pas publiée. Biruni avait étudié Ptolémée et ses contemporains. Actualités International. His Al-Tafhīm li-awāʾil ṣināʿat al-tanjīm (“Elements of Astrology”) is still the most comprehensive treatment of the topic as it was then known. His birthplace was the city of Kath (modern day Khiva) situated on the River Oxus in what was then the Principality of Khwarizm and is now Uzbekistan. In the introduction to his book on pharmacology, he wrote about the importance of language in identifying drugs and in that context took an excursion into the relative worth of languages. Alors Al Biruni est-il le premier homme à avoir découvert l’Amérique, quelques quatre siècle avant Christophe Colomb ? Le processus intellectuel par lequel il arrive à cette conclusion est époustouflant, pendant 30 ans il n’a eu de cesse de travailler sur ces questions pour arriver à cette conclusion. Selain tergolong dalam nama bayi islami dari asal bahasa Arab, unik nya kata ini ada pada arti dan maksud nama Biruni yang memiliki makna Nama ulama besar juga seorang ilmuwan, banyak menulis tentang ilmu perbintangan, matematika, dan geografi. Après la conquête du pays par le sultan Gh̲aznawide Maḥmūd b. Subuktakīn, al Biruni est fait prisonnier et emmené à Ghazna en Sidjistan (Afghanistan actuel) entre 1016 et 1017. Fusillade à Grasse : pour la fachosphère, le tireur est forcément “musulman”. Nevertheless, he managed to become the most original polymath the Islamic world had ever known. Nous ne nous tairons pas. Almost half of the titles were on astronomical and mathematical subjects. Channel Al-Biruni ID adalah channel edukasi dan hiburan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Lecteur attentif des écrits grecs, Al Biruni était déjà familier des hypothèses de Ptolémée. However, it is impossible Il y a environ mille an, au XI siècle, vivait à la cour de Ghazna en Afghanistan Afzal Muhammad ibn Ahmad Abū al-Rayhān al Biruni, le plus grand savant de son époque. After a period in which al-Bīrūnī undertook extensive travels—or rather escapes from wars, and a constant search for patrons—the entire domain of the Sāmānids fell under the brutal reign of Maḥmūd, son of Sebüktigin. Il s’agirait d’Abu Rhan al-Biruni, un astrologue, voyageur et physicien, nous apprend le magazine mensuel britannique History Today. He also travelled to South Asia or Central Asia (modern day Afghanistan) with Mahmud of Ghazni (whose son a… Al-Biruni a beau revendiquer le titre de “découvreur virtuel” des Amériques, le saint irlandais Brendan de Clonfert aurait, selon certains récits, rallié le Nouveau Monde bien plus tôt. A short while after al-Bīrūnī found refuge in the Sāmānid capital of Bukhara, a prince of another local dynasty, Qābūs ibn Voshmgīr, was also dethroned and sought help from the Sāmānids to regain his throne. Al-Biruni was well-known in the Muslim world. L’homme qui dit avoir découvert le virus du SIDA l’a t’il inventé ?. Polygotte, il choisit de rédiger ses traités scientifiques en arabe, en alternant cependan… Génie de l’époque médiévale, il excellait dans un large spectre de disciplines. C’est à ce moment qu’il découvre l’Inde et qu’il rédigera l’un des plus importants ouvrage sur l’Inde et de ses religions. Ce n'est pas parce que c'est banal que c'est normal. Biografi Al Biruni. He also travelled to South Asia or Central Asia (modern day Afghanistan) with Mahmud of Ghazni (whose son a… However, he lived well into his seventies, and, since some of his surviving works are not mentioned in this index, the index is a partial list at best. His book on Indian culture is by far the most important of his encyclopaedic works. En réalité il va accompagner le sultan dans ses expéditions militaires. 1973 Soviet Stamp commemorating Al Biruni Mapping an area of land under jurisdiction has always been a priority of empires. Après la conquête du pays par le sultan Gh̲aznawide Maḥmūd b. Subuktakīn, al Biruni est fait prisonnier et emmené à Ghazna en Sidjistan (Afghanistan actuel) entre 1016 et 1017. In it he not only defended the role of the mathematical sciences against the attacks of religious scholars who could not understand the utility of the mathematical sciences but also detailed all that one needed to know about determining longitudes and latitudes on land. Al-Biruni penned his work named ‘Kitab Al-Tafhim li-awa il sina at al-tanjim’ (Elements of Astrology) is till date the most wide-ranging dealing of the subject. Certes, al-Biruni n’est pas un explorateur de le trempe des Vikings, qui en l’an 100 ont posé le pied en Amérique sans se rendre compte de leur déouverte, ou de Christophe Colomb. Si Kaddour Ben Ghabrit, le “Juste” musulman de la Mosquée de Paris. Al-Bīrūnī, Afzal Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū al-Reḥān1 (né le 42,3 ou le 154 septembre 973 à Kath, Khwarezm, Grand Iran ville de l'actuel Ouzbékistan, mort le 13 décembre 10483,4 ou vers 10522 à Ghazni) est un érudit persan. jonnycomelately on April 30, 2016: Là, il reçut des enseignements fondamentaux comme les mathématiques par des maîtres de cette discipline et commença à correspondre avec le jeune Ibn Sina, connu en Occident sous le nom d’Avicenne. Mathématicien, astronome, physicien, encyclopédiste, philosophe, astrologue, voyageur, historien, pharmacologue et précepteur, il contribua grandement aux domaines des mathématiques, philosophie, m… In the latter work, for example, is the most elaborate treatment of the Jewish calendar—more extensive than any surviving medieval Hebrew source and much more scientifically reasoned than any other treatment that this calendar had received up to that time. Under the pretext of teaching astrology, he devoted almost two-thirds of this voluminous work to teaching his patron, the otherwise obscure Rayḥānah for whom the book was written, elementary mathematics, astronomy, geography, chronology, and the making of the astrolabe as an observational instrument. Al Jazari, le savant musulman qui a inventé la robotique moderne. ), Muslim astronomer, mathematician, ethnographist, anthropologist, historian, and geographer. Au Danemark, une femme imame combat l’extrémisme et défend un “féminisme musulman”. Dénoncer le harcèlement, c'est s'exposer à environ 10 fois plus de harcèlement sexiste. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Al-Bīrūnī also dedicated his Al-Āthār al-bāqiyyah ʿan al-qurūn al-khāliyyah (The Chronology of Ancient Nations) to Qābūs.

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